Natural Gas
Hydrogen: A Clean and Versatile Energy Carrier
1. What is Hydrogen
Hydrogen is the simplest and most abundant element in the universe. It is colourless, odourless, and nontoxic. A hydrogen molecule – H2 – is often called an “energy carrier” as it is produced from sources of energy, and then is used to store or deliver energy. Canada has many sources of energy that can be used to produce hydrogen, but perhaps the most promising in terms of abundance and affordability, is natural gas.
Solar
Wind
Geothermal
Biomass
Nuclear
Oil
Electricity
2. Producing Hydrogen
There are several different processes that can be used to produce hydrogen. Each process has unique considerations including cost, technology readiness and emissions profile.
Electrolysis
Steam Methane Reforming
Direct Solar Water Splitting
Biological
3. Uses for Hydrogen
Hydrogen can be used in a number of diverse applications. The production of hydrogen from electrolysis makes it a remarkable “battery” for intermittent renewables like wind and solar. Hydrogen can be the fuel source for a fuel cell, which produces electricity and heat. Also as a fuel, hydrogen can be added to existing natural gas streams to “up” the heat content of the fuel burned while also reducing emissions.
Transportation
Energy Storage
Chemicals
Petroleum Refining
Stationary Fuel Cells
Building Heat and Power
Industrial Processes
4. The Natural Gas Delivery Industry and Hydrogen
There is growing interest in hydrogen today, largely because, when burned, its only by-products are heat and water (H20). At a time when so many decision-makers are setting emissions targets around energy use, hydrogen deserves more attention. Canada’s natural gas delivery industry is front and centre in efforts to assess the viability of greater hydrogen use. Gas utilities – already experienced in the safe and affordable transportation and delivery of gaseous fuels – are exploring different blending rates and approaches for managing hydrogen, helping to address Canada’s ongoing energy needs.